Rami Arieli: "The Laser Adventure", Labs - Optics communication, page 3
Principle of Operation of the Laser Receiver.
Any component that change its electric properties when light fall on it can serve as a detector for collecting the laser signals. Examples are: Solar cell, photodiode, photo-transistor.
The output voltage of the detector is proportional to the light intensity falling on its sensitive area.

The output of the detector is connected to a simple electronic amplifier operating at audio frequencies (500-10,000 Hz are enough for demonstration).

The circuit is shown in figure 2.

Figure 2: The Receiver.

It is recommended to connect the detector to the amplifier with coax cable to avoid electronic noise from entering the  amplifier.